Bibcode
Ribas, I.; Reiners, A.; Zechmeister, M.; Caballero, J. A.; Morales, J. C.; Sabotta, S.; Baroch, D.; Amado, P. J.; Quirrenbach, A.; Abril, M.; Aceituno, J.; Anglada-Escudé, G.; Azzaro, M.; Barrado, D.; Béjar, V. J. S.; Benítez de Haro, D.; Bergond, G.; Bluhm, P.; Calvo Ortega, R.; Cardona Guillén, C.; Chaturvedi, P.; Cifuentes, C.; Colomé, J.; Cont, D.; Cortés-Contreras, M.; Czesla, S.; Díez-Alonso, E.; Dreizler, S.; Duque-Arribas, C.; Espinoza, N.; Fernández, M.; Fuhrmeister, B.; Galadí-Enríquez, D.; García-López, A.; González-Álvarez, E.; González Hernández, J. I.; Guenther, E. W.; de Guindos, E.; Hatzes, A. P.; Henning, Th.; Herrero, E.; Hintz, D.; Huelmo, Á. L.; Jeffers, S. V.; Johnson, E. N.; de Juan, E.; Kaminski, A.; Kemmer, J.; Khaimova, J.; Khalafinejad, S.; Kossakowski, D.; Kürster, M.; Labarga, F.; Lafarga, M.; Lalitha, S.; Lampón, M.; Lillo-Box, J.; Lodieu, N.; López González, M. J.; López-Puertas, M.; Luque, R.; Magán, H.; Mancini, L.; Marfil, E.; Martín, E. L.; Martín-Ruiz, S.; Molaverdikhani, K.; Montes, D.; Nagel, E.; Nortmann, L.; Nowak, G.; Pallé, E.; Passegger, V. M.; Pavlov, A.; Pedraz, S.; Perdelwitz, V.; Perger, M.; Ramón-Ballesta, A.; Reffert, S.; Revilla, D.; Rodríguez, E.; Rodríguez-López, C.; Sadegi, S.; Sánchez Carrasco, M. Á.; Sánchez-López, A.; Sanz-Forcada, J.; Schäfer, S.; Schlecker, M.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M.; Schöfer, P.; Schweitzer, A.; Seifert, W.; Shan, Y.; Skrzypinski, S. L.; Solano, E.; Stahl, O.; Stangret, M.; Stock, S.; Stürmer, J.; Tabernero, H. M. et al.
Bibliographical reference
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Advertised on:
2
2023
Journal
Citations
36
Refereed citations
29
Description
Context. The CARMENES instrument, installed at the 3.5 m telescope of the Calar Alto Observatory in Almería, Spain, was conceived to deliver high-accuracy radial velocity (RV) measurements with long-term stability to search for temperate rocky planets around a sample of nearby cool stars. Moreover, the broad wavelength coverage was designed to provide a range of stellar activity indicators to assess the nature of potential RV signals and to provide valuable spectral information to help characterise the stellar targets.
Aims: We describe the CARMENES guaranteed time observations (GTO), spanning from 2016 to 2020, during which 19 633 spectra for a sample of 362 targets were collected. We present the CARMENES Data Release 1 (DR1), which makes public all observations obtained during the GTO of the CARMENES survey.
Methods: The CARMENES survey target selection was aimed at minimising biases, and about 70% of all known M dwarfs within 10 pc and accessible from Calar Alto were included. The data were pipeline-processed, and high-level data products, including 18 642 precise RVs for 345 targets, were derived. Time series data of spectroscopic activity indicators were also obtained.
Results: We discuss the characteristics of the CARMENES data, the statistical properties of the stellar sample, and the spectroscopic measurements. We show examples of the use of CARMENES data and provide a contextual view of the exoplanet population revealed by the survey, including 33 new planets, 17 re-analysed planets, and 26 confirmed planets from transiting candidate follow-up. A subsample of 238 targets was used to derive updated planet occurrence rates, yielding an overall average of 1.44 ± 0.20 planets with 1 M⊕ < Mpl sin i < 1000 M⊕ and 1 day < Porb < 1000 days per star, and indicating that nearly every M dwarf hosts at least one planet. All the DR1 raw data, pipeline-processed data, and high-level data products are publicly available online.
Conclusions: CARMENES data have proven very useful for identifying and measuring planetary companions. They are also suitable for a variety of additional applications, such as the determination of stellar fundamental and atmospheric properties, the characterisation of stellar activity, and the study of exoplanet atmospheres.
Aims: We describe the CARMENES guaranteed time observations (GTO), spanning from 2016 to 2020, during which 19 633 spectra for a sample of 362 targets were collected. We present the CARMENES Data Release 1 (DR1), which makes public all observations obtained during the GTO of the CARMENES survey.
Methods: The CARMENES survey target selection was aimed at minimising biases, and about 70% of all known M dwarfs within 10 pc and accessible from Calar Alto were included. The data were pipeline-processed, and high-level data products, including 18 642 precise RVs for 345 targets, were derived. Time series data of spectroscopic activity indicators were also obtained.
Results: We discuss the characteristics of the CARMENES data, the statistical properties of the stellar sample, and the spectroscopic measurements. We show examples of the use of CARMENES data and provide a contextual view of the exoplanet population revealed by the survey, including 33 new planets, 17 re-analysed planets, and 26 confirmed planets from transiting candidate follow-up. A subsample of 238 targets was used to derive updated planet occurrence rates, yielding an overall average of 1.44 ± 0.20 planets with 1 M⊕ < Mpl sin i < 1000 M⊕ and 1 day < Porb < 1000 days per star, and indicating that nearly every M dwarf hosts at least one planet. All the DR1 raw data, pipeline-processed data, and high-level data products are publicly available online.
Conclusions: CARMENES data have proven very useful for identifying and measuring planetary companions. They are also suitable for a variety of additional applications, such as the determination of stellar fundamental and atmospheric properties, the characterisation of stellar activity, and the study of exoplanet atmospheres.
Full Tables 1 and 2 are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/670/A139
Related projects
Very Low Mass Stars, Brown Dwarfs and Planets
Our goal is to study the processes that lead to the formation of low mass stars, brown dwarfs and planets and to characterize the physical properties of these objects in various evolutionary stages. Low mass stars and brown dwarfs are likely the most numerous type of objects in our Galaxy but due to their low intrinsic luminosity they are not so
Rafael
Rebolo López
Exoplanets and Astrobiology
The search for life in the universe has been driven by recent discoveries of planets around other stars (known as exoplanets), becoming one of the most active fields in modern astrophysics. The growing number of new exoplanets discovered in recent years and the recent advance on the study of their atmospheres are not only providing new valuable
Enric
Pallé Bago