Bibcode
DOI
McKeith, C. D.; Peletier, R. F.; Gutierrez, C. M.; Prada, F.
Bibliographical reference
Astrophysical Journal Letters v.463, p.L9
Advertised on:
5
1996
Citations
68
Refereed citations
51
Description
We have found that the bulge of the large, nearby Sb galaxy NGC 7331
rotates retrograde to its disk. Analysis of spectra in the region of the
near-IR Ca II triplet along the major axis shows that, in the radial
range between 5" and ~20", the line-of-sight velocity distribution of
the absorption lines has two distinct peaks and can be decomposed into a
fast-rotating component with {v} / sigma > 3, and a slower rotating,
retrograde component with {v} / sigma ~ 1--1.5. The radial surface
brightness profile of the counterrotating component follows that of the
bulge, obtained from a two-dimensional bulge-disk decomposition of a
near-infrared K-band image, while the fast-rotating component follows
the disk. At the radius at which the disk starts to dominate, the
isophotes change from being considerably boxy to being very disky.
Although a number of spiral galaxies have been found that contain cold,
counterrotating disks, this is the first galaxy known to have a boxy,
probably triaxial, fairly warm, counterrotating component, which is
dominating in the central regions. If it is a bar seen end-on, this bar
has to be thicker than the disk. We find that NGC 7331, even though it
is a fairly early-type spiral, does not have a conventional, corotating
bulge. The fact that the inner component is retrograde makes us believe
that it was formed from infalling material in either stellar or gaseous
form (see, e.g. Balcells & Quinn). Another possibility, however, is
that the structure has been there since the formation of the galaxy. In
this case, it will be a challenge to explain the large change in
orientation of the angular momentum when going outward radially.