Bibcode
Planck Collaboration; Aghanim, N.; Akrami, Y.; Ashdown, M.; Aumont, J.; Baccigalupi, C.; Ballardini, M.; Banday, A. J.; Barreiro, R. B.; Bartolo, N.; Basak, S.; Benabed, K.; Bersanelli, M.; Bielewicz, P.; Bonaldi, A.; Bonavera, L.; Bond, J. R.; Borrill, J.; Bouchet, F. R.; Burigana, C.; Calabrese, E.; Cardoso, J.-F.; Challinor, A.; Chiang, H. C.; Colombo, L. P. L.; Combet, C.; Crill, B. P.; Curto, A.; Cuttaia, F.; de Bernardis, P.; de Rosa, A.; de Zotti, G.; Delabrouille, J.; Di Valentino, E.; Dickinson, C.; Diego, J. M.; Doré, O.; Ducout, A.; Dupac, X.; Dusini, S.; Efstathiou, G.; Elsner, F.; Enßlin, T. A.; Eriksen, H. K.; Fantaye, Y.; Finelli, F.; Forastieri, F.; Frailis, M.; Franceschi, E.; Frolov, A.; Galeotta, S.; Galli, S.; Ganga, K.; Gerbino, M.; Génova-Santos, R. T.; González-Nuevo, J.; Górski, K. M.; Gratton, S.; Gruppuso, A.; Gudmundsson, J. E.; Herranz, D.; Hivon, E.; Huang, Z.; Jaffe, A. H.; Jones, W. C.; Keihänen, E.; Keskitalo, R.; Kiiveri, K.; Kim, J.; Kisner, T. S.; Knox, L.; Krachmalnicoff, N.; Kunz, M.; Kurki-Suonio, H.; Lagache, G.; Lamarre, J.-M.; Lasenby, A.; Lattanzi, M.; Lawrence, C. R.; Le Jeune, M.; Levrier, F.; Lewis, A.; Liguori, M.; Lilje, P. B.; Lilley, M.; Lindholm, V.; López-Caniego, M.; Lubin, P. M.; Ma, Y.-Z.; Macías-Pérez, J. F.; Maggio, G.; Maino, D.; Mandolesi, N.; Mangilli, A.; Maris, M.; Martin, P. G.; Martínez-González, E.; Matarrese, S.; Mauri, N.; McEwen, J. D. et al.
Bibliographical reference
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 607, id.A95, 27 pp.
Advertised on:
11
2017
Journal
Citations
168
Refereed citations
155
Description
The six parameters of the standard ΛCDM model have best-fit
values derived from the Planck temperature power spectrum that are
shifted somewhat from the best-fit values derived from WMAP data. These
shifts are driven by features in the Planck temperature power spectrum
at angular scales that had never before been measured to cosmic-variance
level precision. We have investigated these shifts to determine whether
they are within the range of expectation and to understand their origin
in the data. Taking our parameter set to be the optical depth of the
reionized intergalactic medium τ, the baryon density
ωb, the matter density ωm, the angular
size of the sound horizon θ∗, the spectral
index of the primordial power spectrum, ns, and
Ase- 2τ (where As is the amplitude
of the primordial power spectrum), we have examined the change in
best-fit values between a WMAP-like large angular-scale data set (with
multipole moment ℓ < 800 in the Planck temperature power
spectrum) and an all angular-scale data set (ℓ < 2500Planck
temperature power spectrum), each with a prior on τ of 0.07 ±
0.02. We find that the shifts, in units of the 1σ expected
dispersion for each parameter, are {
Δτ,ΔAse-
2τ,Δns,Δωm,Δωb,Δθ∗
} = { -1.7,-2.2,1.2,-2.0,1.1,0.9 }, with a χ2 value of
8.0. We find that this χ2 value is exceeded in 15% of our
simulated data sets, and that a parameter deviates by more than
2.2σ in 9% of simulated data sets, meaning that the shifts are not
unusually large. Comparing ℓ < 800 instead to ℓ> 800, or
splitting at a different multipole, yields similar results. We examined
the ℓ < 800 model residuals in the ℓ> 800 power spectrum
data and find that the features there that drive these shifts are a set
of oscillations across a broad range of angular scales. Although they
partly appear similar to the effects of enhanced gravitational lensing,
the shifts in ΛCDM parameters that arise in response to these
features correspond to model spectrum changes that are predominantly due
to non-lensing effects; the only exception is τ, which, at fixed
Ase- 2τ, affects the ℓ> 800 temperature
power spectrum solely through the associated change in As and
the impact of that on the lensing potential power spectrum. We also ask,
"what is it about the power spectrum at ℓ < 800 that leads to
somewhat different best-fit parameters than come from the full ℓ
range?" We find that if we discard the data at ℓ < 30, where
there is a roughly 2σ downward fluctuation in power relative to
the model that best fits the full ℓ range, the ℓ < 800
best-fit parameters shift significantly towards the ℓ < 2500
best-fit parameters. In contrast, including ℓ < 30, this
previously noted "low-ℓ deficit" drives ns up and impacts
parameters correlated with ns, such as ωm
and H0. As expected, the ℓ < 30 data have a much
greater impact on the ℓ < 800 best fit than on the ℓ <
2500 best fit. So although the shifts are not very significant, we find
that they can be understood through the combined effects of an
oscillatory-like set of high-ℓ residuals and the deficit in
low-ℓ power, excursions consistent with sample variance that happen
to map onto changes in cosmological parameters. Finally, we examine
agreement between PlanckTT data and two other CMB data sets, namely the
Planck lensing reconstruction and the TT power spectrum measured by the
South Pole Telescope, again finding a lack of convincing evidence of any
significant deviations in parameters, suggesting that current CMB data
sets give an internally consistent picture of the ΛCDM model.