The European Solar Telescope (EST) will be Europe's most ambitious ground-based infrastructure in solar physics. It will have a primary mirror with a diameter of 4.2m, which will make it the largest in Europe, and of identical aperture as the largest solar telescope available worldwide, namely the Daniel K. Inouye Telescope (DKIST) installed at the

GroundBIRD is a ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment for observing the polarization pattern imprinted on large angular scales (ℓ > 6 ) from the Teide Observatory in Tenerife, Spain. Our primary scientific objective is a precise measurement of the optical depth τ (σ(τ ) ∼ 0.01) to the reionization epoch of the Universe to cross

The advantage of large optical telescopes from the ground for high-contrast direct imaging relies on achieving exquisite control of the incident optical wavefront. Since the exoplanet problem almost always has a bright star within a small field of view there are usually ample photons for measuring the atmospheric and telescopedistorted wavefront. A

Context. Rocky planets on ultra-short period orbits can have surface magma oceans and rock-vapour atmospheres in which dust can condense. Observations of that dust can inform us about the composition and surface conditions on these objects. Aims: We constrained the properties and long-term (decade) behaviour of the transiting dust cloud from the

Stellar abundance measurements are subject to systematic errors that induce extra scatter and artificial correlations in elemental abundance patterns. We derive empirical calibration offsets to remove systematic trends with surface gravity in 17 elemental abundances of 288,789 evolved stars from the SDSS APOGEE survey. We fit these corrected

Euclid's three dimensional reconstruction of the matter distribution in the Universe heavily relies on a proper calibration of the color-redshift relation. Getting such calibration was the motivation of the project Complete Calibration of the Color-Redshift Relation (C3R2) survey (Masters et al. 2017), with the goal of mapping the empirical