Bibcode
Leggett, S. K.; Cushing, Michael C.; Saumon, D.; Marley, M. S.; Roellig, T. L.; Warren, S. J.; Burningham, Ben; Jones, H. R. A.; Kirkpatrick, J. D.; Lodieu, N.; Lucas, P. W.; Mainzer, A. K.; Martín, E. L.; McCaughrean, M. J.; Pinfield, D. J.; Sloan, G. C.; Smart, R. L.; Tamura, M.; Van Cleve, J.
Referencia bibliográfica
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 695, Issue 2, pp. 1517-1526 (2009).
Fecha de publicación:
4
2009
Revista
Número de citas
77
Número de citas referidas
68
Descripción
We present Spitzer 7.6-14.5 μm spectra of ULAS J003402.77-005206.7
and ULAS J133553.45+113005.2, two T9 dwarfs with the latest spectral
types currently known. We fit synthetic spectra and photometry to the
near- through mid-infrared energy distributions of these dwarfs and that
of the T8 dwarf 2MASS J09393548-2448279. We also analyze near-infrared
data for another T9, CFBD J005910.82-011401.3. We find that the ratio of
the mid- to near-infrared fluxes is very sensitive to effective
temperature at these low temperatures, and that the 2.2 μm and 4.5
μm fluxes are sensitive to metallicity and gravity; increasing
gravity has a similar effect to decreasing metallicity, and vice versa,
and there is a degeneracy between these parameters. The 4.5 μm and 10
μm fluxes are also sensitive to vertical transport of gas through the
atmosphere, which we find to be significant for these dwarfs. The full
near- through mid-infrared spectral energy distribution allows us to
constrain the effective temperature (K)/gravity
(ms-2)/metallicity ([m/H] dex) of ULAS J0034-00 and ULAS
J1335+11 to 550-600/100-300/0.0-0.3 and 500-550/100-300/0.0-0.3,
respectively. These fits imply low masses and young ages for the dwarfs
of 5-20 M Jupiter and 0.1-2 Gyr. The fits to 2MASS J0939-24
are in good agreement with the measured distance, the observational
data, and the earlier T8 near-infrared spectral type if it is a slightly
metal-poor 4-10 Gyr old system consisting of a 500 K and 700 K, ~25 M
Jupiter and ~40 M Jupiter, pair, although it is
also possible that it is an identical pair of 600 K, 30 M
Jupiter, dwarfs. As no mid-infrared data are available for
CFBD J0059-01 its properties are less well constrained; nevertheless it
appears to be a 550-600 K dwarf with g= 300-2000 ms-2 and
[m/H] = 0-0.3 dex. These properties correspond to mass and age ranges of
10-50 M Jupiter and 0.5-10 Gyr for this dwarf.