White dwarfs (WDs) are the endpoint of evolution for 97% of stars. Most of these stars are in multiple systems, and a significant fraction of those are compact enough to exchange mass, altering the structures and subsequent evolution of both stars. The physical mechanisms that facilitate these mass exchanges include common envelope evolution, Roche

Diffuse emission in the outskirts of galaxies, such as stellar tidal streams, galaxy stellar halos and intracluster light, provides important constraints on the structure and evolution of the Universe. However, such low surface brightness diffuse emission can be up to thousands of times dimmer (>29 AB mag/[square arcseconds]) than the sky

Galaxy clusters at low redshift are dominated by massive quiescent galaxies hosting stellar populations 10 Gyrs old, indicating that they were formed in the early universe when clusters were still in the process of being assembled (i.e., protoclusters). The rapid growth of galaxies within protoclusters is driven by the efficient transformation of