Pruebas Observacionales de los Procesos de Nucleosíntesis en el Universo

Año de inicio
2004
Unidad organizativa

Subvenciones relacionadas:

    General
    Descripción

    Recientemente se han llevado a cabo varios análisis espectroscópicos de estrellas con planetas. Uno de los resultados más relevantes ha sido descubrir que las estrellas con planetas son en promedio más metálicas que las estrellas del mismo tipo espectral sin planetas conocidos (Santos, Israelian & Mayor 2001, A&A, 373, 1019; 2004, A&A, 415, 1153). Existen dos hipótesis posibles para relacionar el exceso de metalicidad con la presencia de planetas. La primera es la del “autoenriquecimiento” que atribuye el origen de la sobreabundancia de metales observada en estrellas con planetas a la acreción sobre la estrella madre de grandes cantidades de material planetario rocoso, rico en metales y pobre en elementos como H y He. La hipótesis contraria es la principal y considera que el exceso de metales sea debido al alto contenido en metales de la nube protoplanetaria a partir de la cual se formó el sistema estrella-planeta.

    Los elementos ligeros pueden proporcionar información valiosa sobre la mezcla, la difusión y la evolución del momento angular en estrellas con planetas, así como sobre la actividad estelar causada por la interacción con exoplanetas (Santos, Israelian, García López et al. 2004, A&A, 427, 1085; Israelian et al. 2004, A&A, 414, 601). Estudios sobre el berilio, el litio y la razón isotópica 6Li/7Li podrían aportar pruebas para distinguir entre las diferentes teorías de formación planetaria (Sandquist et al. 2002, ApJ, 572, 1012). Israelian et al. encontraron evidencias de la caída de un planeta o de material protoplanetario sobre la estrella HD82943 (2001, Nature, 411, 163; 2003, A&A, 405, 753).

    Si el “autoenriquecimiento” fuera el principal responsable del exceso de metalicidad de las estrellas con planetas, eso implicaría una sobreabundancia relativa de elementos refractarios (Si, Mg, Ca, Ti, etc.) respecto a los volátiles (CNO, S y Zn). Se han llevado a cabo varios estudios espectroscópicos del hierro (Santos et al. 2001, A&A, 373, 1019; 2003, A&A, 398, 363; 2004, A&A, 415, 1153) y de otros elementos (Bodaghee et al 2003, A&A, 404, 715; Ecuvillon, Israelian, Santos et al. 2004, A&A, 418, 703; 2004, A&A, 426, 619; 2006, A&A, 445,633; 2006, A&A, 449, 809; Gilli, Israelian, Ecuvillon, et al. 2006, A&A, 449,723).

    El análisis espectroscópico de estrellas ricas en metales también proporciona información valiosa sobre las tasas de eyección al medio interestelar de elementos químicos producidos por explosiones de supernova en los últimos 10 mil millones de años. Otro método alternativo para investigar los productos de las explosiones de supernova es el estudio de las estrellas compañeras de los sistemas binarios de rayos X.

    1. La correlación planeta-metalicidad se revisa y muestra que la distribución de metalicidad de las estrellas que albergan planetas de baja masa (por debajo de 30 M) es indistinguible de la de la muestra de vecindario solar en términos de distribución de metalicidad.
    2. Encontramos que las correcciones 3D 6Li / 7Li son siempre negativas, lo que demuestra que el análisis 1D LTE puede sobreestimar significativamente la presencia de 6Li (hasta 4.9% puntos) en las atmósferas de estrellas enanas de tipo solar. Aunque la síntesis espectral NLTE 3D implica un esfuerzo computacional extenso, los resultados pueden hacerse accesibles con herra
    3. Hemos analizado el comportamiento de las abundancias químicas de Cu, Zn, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, Ce, Nd y Eu en la muestra de búsqueda de planetas HARPS-GTO grande y homogénea. Comparamos las relaciones [X / Fe] de tales Elementos en diferentes bandejas de metalicidad y encontramos que los anfitriones de los planetas presentan mayores abundancias de Zn para [Fe / H]
    4. Encontramos que el 100% de la muestra planetaria en HARPS-GTO presenta C / O> 0,4, mientras que el 14% presenta valores de C / O inferiores a 0,4. Con respecto al Mg / Si, todas las estrellas con compañero planetario de baja masa mostraron valores entre uno y dos.

    Publicaciones relacionadas

    • The Gaia-ESO Survey: Homogenisation of stellar parameters and elemental abundances
      The Gaia-ESO Survey is a public spectroscopic survey that targeted ≳10 5 stars covering all major components of the Milky Way from the end of 2011 to 2018, delivering its final public release in May 2022. Unlike other spectroscopic surveys, Gaia-ESO is the only survey that observed stars across all spectral types with dedicated, specialised
      Hourihane, A. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      8
      2023
      Número de citas
      18
    • SN 2022acko: The First Early Far-ultraviolet Spectra of a Type IIP Supernova
      We present five far- and near-ultraviolet spectra of the Type II plateau supernova, SN 2022acko, obtained 5, 6, 7, 19, and 21 days after explosion, all observed with the Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. The first three epochs are earlier than any Type II plateau supernova has been observed in the far-ultraviolet
      Bostroem, K. Azalee et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      8
      2023
      Número de citas
      11
    • A Possible Surviving Companion of the SN Ia in the Galactic SNR G272.2-3.2
      We use the Gaia EDR3 to explore the Galactic supernova remnant (SNR) G272.2-3.2, produced by the explosion of a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) about 7500 yr ago, to search for a surviving companion. From the abundances in the SNR ejecta, G272.2-3.2 is a normal SN Ia. The Gaia parallaxes allow us to select the stars located within the estimated distance
      Ruiz-Lapuente, P. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      4
      2023
      Número de citas
      5
    • The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products
      Context. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is an ambitious project designed to obtain astrophysical parameters and elemental abundances for 100 000 stars, including large representative samples of the stellar populations in the Galaxy, and a well-defined sample of 60 (plus 20 archive) open clusters. We provide internally consistent results
      Gilmore, G. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      10
      2022
      Número de citas
      83
    • The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Implementation, data products, open cluster survey, science, and legacy,★
      Context. In the last 15 years different ground-based spectroscopic surveys have been started (and completed) with the general aim of delivering stellar parameters and elemental abundances for large samples of Galactic stars, complementing Gaia astrometry. Among those surveys, the Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey, the only one performed on a 8m
      Randich, S. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      10
      2022
      Número de citas
      111
    • The peculiar chemical abundance of the transitional millisecond pulsar PSR J1023+0038 - Li enhancement
      Using high-resolution optical spectroscopy we determine the chemical abundance of the secondary star in the binary millisecond pulsar PSR J1023+0038. We measure a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.48 ± 0.04 which is higher than the Solar value and in general find that the element abundances are different compared to the secondary stars in X-ray binaries
      Shahbaz, T. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      6
      2022
      Número de citas
      10
    • The SAPP pipeline for the determination of stellar abundances and atmospheric parameters of stars in the core program of the PLATO mission
      We introduce the SAPP (Stellar Abundances and atmospheric Parameters Pipeline), the prototype of the code that will be used to determine parameters of stars observed within the core program of the PLATO space mission. The pipeline is based on the Bayesian inference and provides effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, chemical
      Gent, Matthew Raymond et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      2
      2022
      Número de citas
      22
    • STEPARSYN: A Bayesian code to infer stellar atmospheric parameters using spectral synthesis
      Context. STEPARSYN is an automatic code written in Python 3.X designed to infer the stellar atmospheric parameters T eff, log g, and [Fe/H] of FGKM-type stars following the spectral synthesis method. Aims: We present a description of the STEPARSYN code and test its performance against a sample of late-type stars that were observed with the HERMES
      Tabernero, H. M. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      1
      2022
      Número de citas
      41
    • A compositional link between rocky exoplanets and their host stars
      Stars and planets both form by accreting material from a surrounding disk. Because they grow from the same material, theory predicts that there should be a relationship between their compositions. In this study, we search for a compositional link between rocky exoplanets and their host stars. We estimate the iron-mass fraction of rocky exoplanets
      Adibekyan, Vardan et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      10
      2021
      Número de citas
      124
    • The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Stellar atmospheric parameters of target stars with SteParSyn
      We determined effective temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities for a sample of 343 M dwarfs observed with CARMENES, the double-channel, high-resolution spectrograph installed at the 3.5 m telescope at Calar Alto Observatory. We employed SteParSyn, a Bayesian spectral synthesis implementation particularly designed to infer the stellar
      Marfil, E. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      12
      2021
      Número de citas
      73
    • Chemical abundances of 1111 FGK stars from the HARPS GTO planet search program. IV. Carbon and C/O ratios for Galactic stellar populations and planet hosts
      Context. To understand the formation and composition of planetary systems, it is essential to have insights into the chemical composition of their host stars. In particular, C/O elemental ratios are useful for constraining the density and bulk composition of terrestrial planets. Aims: We study the carbon abundances with a twofold objective. On the
      Delgado Mena, E. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      11
      2021
      Número de citas
      46
    • SWEET-Cat 2.0: The Cat just got SWEETer. Higher quality spectra and precise parallaxes from Gaia eDR3
      Aims: The catalog of Stars With ExoplanETs (SWEET-Cat) was originally introduced in 2013. Since then many more exoplanets have been confirmed, increasing significantly the number of host stars listed there. A crucial step toward a comprehensive understanding of these new worlds is the precise and homogeneous characterization of their host stars
      Sousa, S. G. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      12
      2021
      Número de citas
      61
    • Hubble spectroscopy of LB-1: Comparison with B+black-hole and Be+stripped-star models
      Context. LB-1 (alias ALS 8775) has been proposed as either an X-ray dim B-type star plus black hole (B+BH) binary or a Be star plus an inflated stripped star (Be+Bstr) binary. The latter hypothesis contingent upon the detection and characterization of the hidden broad-lined star in a composite optical spectrum. Aims: Our study is aimed at testing
      Lennon, D. J. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2021
      Número de citas
      16
    • Stellar clustering and orbital architecture of planetary systems
      Context. Revealing the mechanisms shaping the architecture of planetary systems is crucial for our understanding of their formation and evolution. In this context, it has been recently proposed that stellar clustering might be the key in shaping the orbital architecture of exoplanets. Aims: The main goal of this work is to explore the factors that
      Adibekyan, V. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2021
      Número de citas
      27
    • The Gaia-ESO Survey: Calibrating the lithium-age relation with open clusters and associations. I. Cluster age range and initial membership selections
      Context. Previous studies of open clusters have shown that lithium depletion is not only strongly age dependent but also shows a complex pattern with other parameters that is not yet understood. For pre- and main-sequence late-type stars, these parameters include metallicity, mixing mechanisms, convection structure, rotation, and magnetic activity
      Gutiérrez Albarrán, M. L. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      11
      2020
      Número de citas
      33
    • Benchmark stars, benchmark spectrographs. Detailed spectroscopic comparison of ESPRESSO, PEPSI, and HARPS data for Gaia benchmark stars
      Context. Gaia benchmark stars are selected to be calibration stars for different spectroscopic surveys. Very high-quality and homogeneous spectroscopic data for these stars are therefore required. We collected ultrahigh-resolution ESPRESSO spectra for 30 of the 34 Gaia benchmark stars and made them public. Aims: We quantify the consistency of the
      Adibekyan, V. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      10
      2020
      Número de citas
      8
    • Phase-dependent Study of Near-infrared Disk Emission Lines in LB-1
      The mass, origin, and evolutionary stage of the binary system LB-1 have been intensely debated, following the claim that it hosts an ∼70M ☉ black hole, in stark contrast with the expectations for Galactic remnants. We conducted a high-resolution, phase-resolved spectroscopic study of its Paschen lines, using the Calar Alto 3.5 m telescope. We find
      Liu, Jifeng et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      9
      2020
      Número de citas
      25
    • Stellar atmospheric parameters of FGK-type stars from high-resolution optical and near-infrared CARMENES spectra
      With the purpose of assessing classic spectroscopic methods on high-resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio spectra in the near-infrared wavelength region, we selected a sample of 65 F-, G-, and K-type stars observed with CARMENES, the new, ultra-stable, double-channel spectrograph at the 3.5 m Calar Alto telescope. We computed their stellar
      Marfil, E. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      3
      2020
      Número de citas
      17
    • A detailed non-LTE analysis of LB-1: Revised parameters and surface abundances
      Context. It has recently been proposed that LB-1 is a binary system at 4 kpc consisting of a B-type star of 8 M ☉ and a massive stellar black hole (BH) of 70 M ☉. This finding challenges our current theories of massive star evolution and formation of BHs at solar metallicity. Aims: Our objective is to derive the effective temperature, surface
      Simón-Díaz, S. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      2
      2020
      Número de citas
      30
    • STEPAR: an automatic code to infer stellar atmospheric parameters
      Context. STEPAR is an automatic code written in Python 3.X designed to compute the stellar atmospheric parameters Teff, log g, [Fe/H], and ξ of FGK-type stars by means of the equivalent width (EW) method. This code has already been extensively tested in different spectroscopic studies of FGK-type stars with several spectrographs and against
      Tabernero, H. M. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      8
      2019
      Número de citas
      34

    Charlas relacionadas

    No se han encontrado charlas relacionadas.

    Congresos relacionados

    No se han encontrado congresos relacionados.