Subvenciones relacionadas:
General
Se investigan los procesos que conducen a la formación de estrellas de baja masa, enanas marrones y exoplanetas y caracterizar las propiedades físicas de estos astros en varias etapas evolutivas. Las estrellas de muy baja masa y las enanas marrones son probablemente los objetos más numerosos de nuestra Galaxia, pero no por ello están suficientemente bien establecidas sus propiedades. En particular, los objetos subestelares constituyen uno de los grupos más difíciles de estudiar desde el punto de vista observacional dada su baja luminosidad intrínseca. Se pretende establecer la frecuencia, multiplicidad y distribución espacial de estrellas ultrafrías y objetos subestelares en la vecindad del Sol y en regiones de formación estelar y cúmulos cercanos con el fin de proporcionar información sobre los mecanismos que los originan, caracterizar sus propiedades ópticas e infrarrojas, y establecer relaciones entre sus propiedades espectrales, masas y luminosidades. Se hace especial énfasis en empujar la frontera de detección hacia los objetos de menor masa, bien sea como objetos ligados por atracción gravitatoria a otros, o flotando libremente en el espacio interestelar. Los objetos menos masivos también suelen ser los de menor luminosidad intrínseca y temperaturas superficiales más frías por lo que entrañan notable dificultad de detección por medio de imagen directa. Sin embargo, la detección directa permite una caracterización fotométrica y espectroscópica mucho más completa y una mejor determinación de sus propiedades físicas y químicas. También se pretende investigar la presencia de exoplanetas en estrellas de baja masa empleando técnicas de medida de velocidad radial con muy alta precisión y técnicas de muy alta resolución espacial. Se trabaja en el desarrollo de espectrógrafos ultraestables para grandes telescopios y de sistemas de imagen ultrarrápida. Con los primeros es posible lograr la detección de planetas con masas similares a la de la Tierra en estrellas de tipos G, K y M un objetivo que se persigue es establecer la frecuencia de estos planetas en las estrellas de la vecindad solar y caracterizar las propiedades de los sistemas planetarios a los que pertenecen.
Miembros
Resultados
- La secuencia visible y infrarroja de las enanas de tipo L de 10 Myr de edad en la asociación OB mas cercana al Sol, Upper Scorpius
- El limite estelar/subestelar del cumulo más cercano al Sol, las Hiades
Actividad científica
Publicaciones relacionadas
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Planetary system around LTT 1445A unveiled by ESPRESSO: Multiple planets in a triple M-dwarf systemWe present radial velocity follow-up obtained with ESPRESSO of the M-type star LTT 1445A (TOI-455), for which a transiting planet b with an orbital period of 5.4 days was detected by TESS. We report the discovery of a second transiting planet (LTT 1445A c) and a third non-transiting candidate planet (LTT 1445A d) with orbital periods of 3.12 and 24Lavie, B. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
52023 -
Dynamical masses of two young transiting sub-Neptunes orbiting HD 63433Context. Although the number of exoplanets reported in the literature exceeds 5000 so far, only a few dozen of them are young planets (≤900 Myr). However, a complete characterization of these young planets is key to understanding the current properties of the entire population. Hence, it is necessary to constrain the planetary formation processesZechmeister, M. et al.
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32023 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. A long-period planet around GJ 1151 measured with CARMENES and HARPS-N dataContext. Detecting a planetary companion in a short-period orbit through radio emission from the interaction with its host star is a new prospect in exoplanet science. Recently, a tantalising signal was found close to the low-mass stellar system GJ 1151 using LOFAR observations. Aims: We studied spectroscopic time-series data of GJ 1151 in order toBlanco-Pozo, J. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
32023 -
Search for planets around stars with wide brown dwarfsAims: This work aims to better understand the role of wide brown dwarf companions in planetary systems. Methods: We obtained high-resolution spectra of six bright stars with co-moving wide substellar companions with the high-resolution SONG, CARMENES, and STELLA spectrographs. We used these spectra to derive radial velocities together with aŠubjak, J. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
32023 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Guaranteed time observations Data Release 1 (2016-2020)Context. The CARMENES instrument, installed at the 3.5 m telescope of the Calar Alto Observatory in Almería, Spain, was conceived to deliver high-accuracy radial velocity (RV) measurements with long-term stability to search for temperate rocky planets around a sample of nearby cool stars. Moreover, the broad wavelength coverage was designed toRibas, I. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
22023 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Variability on long timescales as seen in chromospheric indicatorsIt is clearly established that the Sun has an 11-yr cycle that is caused by its internal magnetic field. Such a cycle is also observed in a sample of M dwarfs. In the framework of exoplanet detection or atmospheric characterisation of exoplanets, the activity status of the host star plays a crucial role, and inactive states are preferable for suchFuhrmeister, B. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
22023 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Wolf 1069 b: Earth-mass planet in the habitable zone of a nearby, very low-mass starWe present the discovery of an Earth-mass planet (M b sin i = 1.26 ± 0.21 M ⊕) on a 15.6 d orbit of a relatively nearby (d ~ 9.6 pc) and low-mass (0.167 ± 0.011 M ⊙) M5.0 V star, Wolf 1069. Sitting at a separation of 0.0672 ± 0.0014 au away from the host star puts Wolf 1069 b in the habitable zone (HZ), receiving an incident flux of S = 0.652 ± 0Kossakowski, D. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
22023 -
Two temperate Earth-mass planets orbiting the nearby star GJ 1002We report the discovery and characterisation of two Earth-mass planets orbiting in the habitable zone of the nearby M-dwarf GJ 1002 based on the analysis of the radial-velocity (RV) time series from the ESPRESSO and CARMENES spectrographs. The host star is the quiet M5.5 V star GJ 1002 (relatively faint in the optical, V ~ 13.8 mag, but brighter inSuárez Mascareño, A. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
22023 -
Lower-than-expected flare temperatures for TRAPPIST-1Aims: Stellar flares emit thermal and nonthermal radiation in the X-ray and ultraviolet (UV) regime. Although high energetic radiation from flares is a potential threat to exoplanet atmospheres and may lead to surface sterilization, it might also provide the extra energy for low-mass stars needed to trigger and sustain prebiotic chemistry. DespiteMaas, A. J. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
122022 -
A quarter century of spectroscopic monitoring of the nearby M dwarf Gl 514. A super-Earth on an eccentric orbit moving in and out of the habitable zoneContext. Statistical analyses based on Kepler data show that most of the early-type M dwarfs host multi-planet systems consisting of Earth- to sub-Neptune-sized planets with orbital periods of up to ~250 days, and that at least one such planet is likely located within the habitable zone. M dwarfs are therefore primary targets to search forDamasso, M. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
102022 -
TOI-1468: A system of two transiting planets, a super-Earth and a mini-Neptune, on opposite sides of the radius valleyWe report the discovery and characterization of two small transiting planets orbiting the bright M3.0V star TOI-1468 (LSPM J0106+1913), whose transit signals were detected in the photometric time series in three sectors of the TESS mission. We confirm the planetary nature of both of them using precise radial velocity measurements from the CARMENESChaturvedi, P. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
102022 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Stable radial-velocity variations at the rotation period of AD Leonis: A test case study of current limitations to treating stellar activityContext. A challenge with radial-velocity (RV) data is disentangling the origin of signals either due to a planetary companion or to stellar activity. In fact, the existence of a planetary companion has been proposed, as well as contested, around the relatively bright, nearby M3.0 V star AD Leo at the same period as the stellar rotation of 2.23Kossakowski, D. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
102022 -
SPECULOOS Northern Observatory: Searching for Red Worlds in the Northern SkiesSPECULOOS is a ground-based transit survey consisting of six identical 1 m robotic telescopes. The immediate goal of the project is to detect temperate terrestrial planets transiting nearby ultracool dwarfs (late M-dwarf stars and brown dwarfs), which could be amenable for atmospheric research with the next generation of telescopes. Here, we reportBurdanov, Artem Y. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
102022 -
A detailed analysis of the Gl 486 planetary systemContext. The Gl 486 system consists of a very nearby, relatively bright, weakly active M3.5 V star at just 8 pc with a warm transiting rocky planet of about 1.3 R ⊕ and 3.0 M ⊕. It is ideal for both transmission and emission spectroscopy and for testing interior models of telluric planets. Aims: To prepare for future studies, we aim to thoroughlyCaballero, J. A. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
92022 -
The HD 260655 system: Two rocky worlds transiting a bright M dwarf at 10 pcWe report the discovery of a multiplanetary system transiting the M0 V dwarf HD 260655 (GJ 239, TOI-4599). The system consists of at least two transiting planets, namely HD 260655 b, with a period of 2.77 d, a radius of R b = 1.240 ± 0.023 R ⊕, a mass of M b = 2.14 ± 0.34 M ⊕, and a bulk density of ρ b = 6.2 ± 1.0 g cm −3, and HD 260655 c, with aLuque, R. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
82022 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Rotational variation in activity indicators of Ross 318, YZ CMi, TYC 3529-1437-1, and EV LacContext. The Calar Alto high-Resolution search for M dwarfs with Exo-earths with Near-infrared and optical Échelle Spectrographs (CARMENES) instrument is searching for periodic radial-velocity (RV) variations of M dwarfs, which are induced by orbiting planets. However, there are other potential sources of such variations, including rotationalSchöfer, P. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
72022 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Benchmarking the impact of activity in high-precision radial velocity measurementsContext. Current exoplanet surveys using the radial velocity (RV) technique are targeting M dwarfs because any habitable zone terrestrial-mass planets will induce a high RV and orbit on shorter periods than for more massive stars. One of the main caveats is that M dwarfs show a wide range of activity levels from inactive to very active, which canJeffers, S. V. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
72022 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Two Saturn-mass planets orbiting active starsThe CARMENES radial-velocity survey is currently searching for planets in a sample of 387 M dwarfs. Here we report on two Saturn-mass planets orbiting TYC 2187-512-1 (M * = 0.50 M ⊙) and TZ Ari (M * = 0.15 M ⊙), respectively. We obtained supplementary photometric time series, which we use along with spectroscopic information to determine theQuirrenbach, A. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
72022 -
Magnetism, rotation, and nonthermal emission in cool stars. Average magnetic field measurements in 292 M dwarfsStellar dynamos generate magnetic fields that are of fundamental importance to the variability and evolution of Sun-like and low-mass stars, and for the development of their planetary systems. As a key to understanding stellar dynamos, empirical relations between stellar parameters and magnetic fields are required for comparison to ab initioReiners, A. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
62022 -
A study of flares in the ultra-cool regime from SPECULOOS-SouthWe present a study of photometric flares on 154 low-mass (≤0.2 M ⊙) objects observed by the SPECULOOS-South Observatory from 2018 June 1 to 2020 March 23. In this sample, we identify 85 flaring objects, ranging in spectral type from M4 to L0. We detect 234 flares in this sample, with energies between 10 29.2 and 10 32.7 erg, using both automatedMurray, C. A. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
62022
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25 aniversario del descubrimiento de la primera enana marrónFecha de publicación